shelter

英 ['?elt?] 美['??lt?]

TOEFLCET4TEM4IELTSGRE考研CET6中頻詞常用詞匯

復(fù)數(shù):?shelters;第三人稱單數(shù):?shelters;過去式:?sheltered;過去分詞:?sheltered;現(xiàn)在分詞:?sheltering;

shelter 遮蔽，庇護(hù)，庇護(hù)所，避難所

可能改寫自 sheld,盾，來自 shield 的舊拼寫形式，-er,表物。引申詞義保護(hù)，遮蔽，庇護(hù)等。

shelter: shelter: [16] The origins of shelter are unclear, but the most usually accepted explanation is that it is an alteration of the now obsolete sheltron. This denoted a body of troops which protected itself in battle with a covering of joined shields. It was descended from Old English scieldtruma, a compound formed from scield, the ancestor of modern English shield, and truma ‘troop’.
=> shield
shelter (n.): 1580s, "structure affording protection," possibly an alteration of Middle English sheltron, sheldtrume "roof or wall formed by locked shields," from Old English scyldtruma, from scield "shield" (see shield (n.)) + truma "troop," related to Old English trum "firm, strong" (see trim).

If so, the original notion is of a compact body of men protected by interlocking shields. OED finds this "untenable" and proposed derivation from shield + -ture. Figurative sense is recorded from 1580s; meaning "temporary lodging for homeless poor" is first recorded 1890 in Salvation Army jargon; sense of "temporary home for animals" is from 1971. Related: Shelterless.
shelter (v.): 1580s, "to screen, protect," from shelter (n.); in the income investment sense, from 1955. Meaning "to take shelter" is from c. 1600. Related: Sheltered; sheltering.

1. The number of families seeking shelter rose by 17 percent.: 尋求避難的家庭戶增加了17％。

2. Many are sleeping in the open because they have no shelter.: 很多人因?yàn)闆]有棲身之所，只好露宿在外。

3. When it rained I rigged up a partial shelter with a tarpaulin.: 下雨的時(shí)候，我用油布草草搭了一個(gè)能簡(jiǎn)單避雨的棚子。

4. No shelter was available for miles around in this treeless landscape.: 在這個(gè)光禿禿沒有樹木的地方，周圍數(shù)英里內(nèi)都沒有掩蔽處。