fascism

英 ['f???z(?)m; -s?z(?)m] 美['f?'??z?m]

TEM4中低頻詞擴(kuò)展詞匯

fascism 法西斯主義

來(lái)自意大利語(yǔ)fascio, 綁，集中，意大利法西斯分子墨索里尼借用該詞來(lái)命名其新組建的政黨，同時(shí)，該詞也使人聯(lián)想到古羅馬的束棒(fasces)，一種集權(quán)的象征。

fascism (n.): 1922, originally used in English in 1920 in its Italian form fascismo (see fascist). Applied to similar groups in Germany from 1923; applied to everyone since the Internet.
A form of political behavior marked by obsessive preoccupation with community decline, humiliation or victimhood and by compensatory cults of unity, energy and purity, in which a mass-based party of committed nationalist militants, working in uneasy but effective collaboration with traditional elites, abandons democratic liberties and pursues with redemptive violence and without ethical or legal restraints goals of internal cleansing and external expansion. [Robert O. Paxton, "The Anatomy of Fascism," 2004]

1. They heard the protesters shout:"No more fascism!": 他們聽(tīng)見(jiàn)抗議者在喊：“打倒法西斯主義！”

2. The uneasy coupling of fascism and conservatism spawned a new kind of political regime.: 法西斯主義和保守主義這種令人不安的結(jié)合產(chǎn)生了一種新政權(quán)。

3. The spectre of neo-fascism, as he put it, was stalking the streets of Sofia and other big cities.: 用他的話來(lái)說(shuō)，新法西斯主義的幽靈正在索非亞和其他大城市中游蕩。